Next generation sequencing is a term used to describe the process of sequencing DNA to determine the sequence of nucleotides in an individual's genome. They are also called large-scale DNA sequencing, genome sequencing, or whole-genome analysis. It is done by computer with high accuracy and relatively quickly. Data from next-generation sequencing has been used to identify people, explore family history and help find mutations that lead to genetic disorders such as cancer.
Applications:
Next generation sequencing is used in many fields as a fundamental analytical technique, including Microbiology Tests and Molecular biology lab services, with greater automation, lower cost, and greater throughput.
Applications in Microbiology
Next generation sequencing is used in microbiology labs to identify harmful bacteria. It is mainly used as a diagnostic technique, offering an alternative to the traditional diagnostic method of culturing samples. For example, after a bacteria is cultured, the organism's DNA may be extracted and used to amplify its genetic material via PCR. In contrast to PCR, which only works with healthy cells, NBGS of diseased cells allows the use of PCR to study the genomes of growing tumors. This can help doctors determine how certain bacteria have adapted to some drugs and determine a new treatment strategy. It has also been used to identify harmful bacteria in foods, agricultural products, and water supplies.
Applications in Molecular biology
Molecular techniques are increasingly being applied for evolutionary studies, for example, for investigating the effect of genetic drift on genome diversity or the origin of antibiotic resistance. Next-generation sequencing allows researchers to study genes from many different organisms at once to compare their genetic characteristics and history.
Next generation sequencing also allows researchers to create genomes from many individuals and compare the genomes of different species, such as humans and chimpanzees. This technology is also used in evolutionary biology to study the origins of antibiotic resistance, recombination, the evolution of genes, and much more.
Next generation sequencing is used to produce gene chips or genome chips. They are used as a diagnostic tool and as a tool in drug discovery. With their help, researchers can study the function of genes quickly and find the most important ones related to the disease.
In addition, it is also used in developmental biology research such as hatching and organogenesis.